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August 21, 2023 | 4 Mins Read

Selling Field Service to a New Generation

August 21, 2023 | 4 Mins Read

Selling Field Service to a New Generation

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By Sarah Nicastro, Creator, Future of Field Service

It appears we have passed through what economists were calling The Great Resignation and the job market upheaval that occurred during the pandemic. But labor markets are still tight and the field service sector was already struggling with staffing issues before COVID. We talk often about the fact that recruiting and retention remain a big challenge and how accommodating the decidedly different expectations of younger workers can sometimes flummox entrenched field service companies.

But not all of them. I recently had the pleasure of interviewing Anthony Billups, North America Vice President of Sales and Market Development at air conditioning pioneer Comfort Systems USA. And although he works in an industry with a very long history, Anthony has some pretty forward-looking ideas when it comes to attracting and managing younger and more diverse technicians.

We talked a lot about outdated thinking, and one area he highlighted was the way the industry talks about field service jobs. In the past, most companies talked about technician jobs exclusively in the context of technical skills required and the type of work done, but that has led to a bit of a branding problem. It's actually a bit challenging to describe field service work in a way that makes it both understandable and interesting to young people who may not know anything about it. 

Consider other types of work that students or new graduates easily grasp – teacher, doctor, police officer, musician, truck driver. When people talk about those jobs, they don't just talk about specific tasks or skills. They talk about the work in its entirety. Police officers protect the public and help people. Doctors heal people. 

“It's important as a leader to go back into your community and to talk about what it is that you do, right? Talk about … your day in the life, talk about the things that made you excited about the role,” Anthony said.

There are a lot of aspects of field service careers that many may find appealing that we don’t highlight enough. That could be talking about travel. It could be talking about the types of facilities you have access to and the people you meet, and what you can gain by working in the industry. It could be how the work you do enables a hospital to run or a pilot to fly, or any number of other very critical, often cool roles that seem to stay invisible. 

In the case of air conditioning, Anthony emphasized that it's an industry that has been around for 100 years and is only becoming more important (and resilient) as people look for new ways to cool buildings. This means there is job security there, along with opportunity and healthy compensation – characteristics that deserve recognition. 

The Value of Storytelling

The field service sector must do a better job of selling itself to potential employees and perhaps that starts with telling better stories about exactly what the market has to offer its employees. Anthony pointed out that in his job, he has worked with everyone from big tech companies in Silicon Valley to major sports facilities. Not everyone can score a nice job at Apple or play professional sports, but service technicians get a backstage pass of sorts to all of these facilities. 

“So, what are some of the jobs that are cool? What do people want now? It's easier to get in through the mechanical room than it is through the front door, and I think that's when we want to change the narrative of the profession,” he said. “We need to start with the end in mind. We need to start where these individuals want to be a part of these industries.”

Anthony also cautions that field service organizations need to be more realistic about how younger workers view their careers. Most people are not going to stick with a job for years at a time, as was the historical norm. In many cases, people change jobs every two years or so. To retain those employees (who are expensive to recruit and train) within your organization, it is important to offer more than just a good salary. People want a real path for advancement, and schedules that allow them to have a rich personal life, too.

Manager-employee relationships are also critical, along with development conversations and making sure there is a career path in place. Managers need leadership training (something Anthony says Comfort Systems has made a regular part of its culture). 

“The reason that we really focus a lot of attention on training is that we understand the value of our leaders, and if you can teach a leader to not be a manager, but to be a leader and to learn,” he said. Promoting someone to management without helping them with those leadership skills can put them at a disadvantage – and it can negatively impact the experience of employees, ultimately contributing to turnover. 

Another area of our discussion was that focusing hiring on specific technical skills or experience is cutting field service off from a lot of qualified candidates that have other good qualities – reliability, leadership skills, customer service skills, etc. Non-traditional recruiting can help address technician shortages while also improving teams by adding members with new skill sets and different perspectives.

“It's about the qualities that the person is bringing, the experiences that the person is bringing, and not just where they worked before and the things that we’ve looked at historically when evaluating talent,” Anthony said.

Anthony had much more to share and his insights are well worth a listen. Check out the rest of the conversation here.

August 14, 2023 | 6 Mins Read

Q&A: Expert Advice for Optimizing the Digital Customer Experience

August 14, 2023 | 6 Mins Read

Q&A: Expert Advice for Optimizing the Digital Customer Experience

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By Sarah Nicastro, Creator, Future of Field Service

While field service remains an in-person business in many ways, digital experiences make up a huge part of the overall service lifecycle – from appointment scheduling and online help desks to chatbots and full-blown remote service, as well delivery of service or consumption-related data and post-service surveys. The flow of digital and physical touchpoints must be seamless, the experiences smooth, and the information exchange easy, accurate, and always available. 

Easy-peasy, right? We know it isn’t, but it is the tall order of customer expectations. I recently posed some questions to author and consultant Alfonso de la Nuez about how to avoid missteps that can lead to customer defections before you even get a chance to impress them with your excellent in-person service. Alfonso is the Chief Visionary Officer at UserTesting, advising on improving customer experiences. He also wrote the book The Digital Experience Company: Winning In The Digital Economy With Experience Insights. Let’s hear how his digital experience expertise translates to the field service environment.

What are some of the key factors that drive a successful digital experience, from a customer perspective?

The first thing sounds simple or maybe trivial, but it's understanding your customers and what situations they are going to be in when they are interacting with the brand. I know in your industry, these companies are actually going to have to interact with a service manager or someone face-to-face, but if you can understand what the customer is going to need or would like to do independent of the moment when the product is getting fixed, that is key. 

For a customer to have a great experience, it is all about expectations. Understand what the customer needs and what is convenient to them, and what they may do with your products. That is what we are looking for here, convenience vs. a revolutionary technology that is going to change everything. Can you relate and engage with customers throughout the customer journey? Do you understand what the customer journey is like? Are they going to contact you through a website? Are you optimized for Google searches, and is the website going to tell the story of what the customer needs?

Your website should be designed in such a way that will anticipate the needs of those users and those customers. I would also argue you have to design the site with a professional look and feel as well. The first thing we are looking for is convenience, content, ease of use, making sure the information is there for people to easily make decisions. But the next thing is to make it look professional, because that does make a difference projecting trustworthiness and affects the customer decision. A great website also needs to be mobile friendly, since a lot of customers are using their phones to browse.

In field service, the digital experience includes a number of facets -- customer self-service, online scheduling, diagnostics chats, and much more -- that often lead into an in-person experience (having a technician arrive at your location to fix something). What are some ways that organizations can ensure their digital and in-person exchanges are both mutually satisfying for the customer and also consistent? 

We always talk about online experiences, but the customer experience is a combination of online and offline interactions. The real art and science here is in combining the two and making sure they are not isolated. Maybe on the website you have an account where you can login and or provide feedback on the experience. Their data may be there along with the phone number for your representative. That should be present in a customer portal. You should be able to sign documents and pay bills and be invoiced automatically. 

In person, knowing that customer is also important. I like how the cable company Xfinity does it. They have an iPad and they can see the customer account, greet them and have access to that online information about them.

Going back to that customer journey, you have to understand that many times things start with a search. They find you online. Can you use technology to schedule and confirm the appointment, and create convenience for the customer by providing them with another confirmation the day before? You can mix online and offline and offer a lot of convenience to customers that way.

What are some of the biggest mistakes companies make when designing their digital interface and experiences?

I think the biggest mistake by far is when companies design interfaces for themselves instead of their customers. It is very typical to look at the design and content from the perspective of the owners of the website. What you have to do is dumb it down completely and make it so a grandma can understand it.

I often see two issues. One is there is so much technical information it is hard to understand unless you are actually a technician. The other is just finding information on the site. A lot of times, the content is not well laid out. Content needs to be organized, and there should be a search function on the site. You need to keep the menu options limited and focus on the customer journey, prioritizing the content we know they will need. 

Another mistake is not prioritizing the digital channel, or not worrying enough about the website. If you just throw a website out there, customers can tell and it will come back to bite you. You should invest in a professional looking and easy-to-use website.

How can companies make sure their digital experiences are NOT creating friction or frustration for customers, and how can they ensure there is a process in place so that there is a timely intervention when a customer needs to interact directly with someone who can help them?

This goes back to my point about the digital channel not being a priority. If you hire on the cheap, or just offer a chatbot for customer support, if it is not really working that is counterproductive. It produces a bad brand experience.

I would highly recommend if you don't have a real proper bot that is working well with a team of people behind it that can provide support, just take it out. Make people send an email or contact you by phone. If you try the bot just to try to avoid costs and it doesn't work, it will be worse. People are sick and tired of talking to robots.

The good news is that with artificial intelligence (AI). This is about to change big time, because new AI technology is going to take bots to another level. To me it is really one of the things that many of these brands can do to support people in a proper way without turning them off by making it obvious that this is a chatbot. AI will provide much better bots.

Having said that, there is an art and science to building chatbots. Usually, you want to set it up to support the main three to five things people want to do on your website. If what they need is not on that list, there should be a button for them to click that says Other. You don't want them to feel left out of the support picture. You want to channel them through those options to see if they need to talk to an agent. Well, the agent will need to see what information they provided before they speak to them.

Brands must acknowledge that delivering great experiences is not easy. It is hard. Even completely digital companies have a hard time with this and invest millions to do it properly. It takes time and expertise. Maybe you need to outsource it, but you have to start by understanding that is not easy to do. It is a big cultural challenge for many of these companies.

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July 31, 2023 | 4 Mins Read

Are You Prepared to Quell Your Customers’ Security Concerns?

July 31, 2023 | 4 Mins Read

Are You Prepared to Quell Your Customers’ Security Concerns?

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As service organizations adopt more remote technology, and our world is increasingly connected, cybersecurity has become a bigger deal for this industry. Back in May, I spoke to Charlie Hales at Waterstons at length about security.

I was reminded again about how the importance of cybersecurity is growing for service when I saw the most recent Circle of Trust report from security firm Utimaco. It is based on an international consumer survey, and highlights just how connected everyone is, and how worried they are about their data as a result.

According to the findings, most respondents are worried about data security (more than 80%) and a little more than a third have been the victim of data loss, identity theft or digital fraud. At the same time, more than 66% of respondents own a mobile device and 38% report using smart devices in their homes.

In fact, despite being worried about security, people are pretty enthusiastic about connected devices, particularly smart TVs, virtual assistants, energy saving devices (like smart thermostats), and security systems. Only 26% of respondents felt knowledgeable enough to make informed decisions about digital security.

These insights have implications for field service on a number of levels. First, we know customers are concerned about data security, while they are also being asked to provide their information to more providers on a larger number of devices. This goes beyond just giving your credit card number to Amazon or Target; all sorts of sites and devices are interacting with personal and financial data all the time. 

In addition, more people are engaging with smart devices – everything from connected cars and appliances to home security systems and smart utility meters. These non-computer devices are connected to home and business networks in rapidly increasing numbers.

Field service has been at the forefront of taking advantage of what is often called IoT, with machines interacting with operators, other machines, and service technicians over the internet. This connectivity is at the heart of remote service initiatives and puts field service right in the middle of the growing cybersecurity threat.

Some Customers Balk at Network Access

One of the big obstacles in remote service has been connectivity – customers are sometimes hesitant to allow outside parties or vendors access to equipment on their networks, both to protect trade secrets and to ensure internal security. The Utimaco report backs up some of these objections: When asked if they have ever been a victim of data loss, identity theft or hacks related to a smart home device, 41% of US respondents said yes.

For businesses and customers already grappling with their own highly exposed networks, granting access to service providers can seem like inviting catastrophe.

But, there is a safe way forward for field service providers and their customers – and service organizations not only need to take appropriate actions but also become adept at quelling the concerns of their customers.  

First, field service providers must make sure their own house is in order by implementing up to date security technology, working with their software vendors to make sure client data is safe, and maybe hiring an outside provider (since in-house cybersecurity talent is hard to come by) to audit their security infrastructure, make recommendations, and deploy better solutions. 

If you want to be able to remotely monitor and connect to equipment operating in a customer facility or home, that work on the back end will help prove you are trustworthy enough to have that access. In the case of commercial clients, you may very well have to provide significant documentation around your own security capabilities. 

Second, make sure the connected equipment is also sufficiently secured. In the past, we mostly had to worry about computers and mobile devices having onboard security. In the IoT world, connected vending machines, industrial equipment, and home appliances represent potential security threats – not because they hold valuable data (although in some cases, they might), but because they can be leveraged as launching pads for attacks on other organizations. Or they can provide a gateway into an otherwise secure network.

We have already seen some IoT and smart building-based attacks. Back in 2016, the Mirai botnet launched a massive denial of service attack using IoT devices. In Germany in 2021, a building automation engineering firm was hacked and lost control of its building automation system devices. A similar attack in Finland knocked out the heat for two housing blocks in the dead of winter. 

Those types of incidents are a good reminder that service organizations need to take these threats seriously and implement the processes and tools that are readily available to safeguard their remote solutions and, ultimately, their customers.

Do you have any experience with cybersecurity issues, or found strong solutions to secure remote service platforms? Reach out and let me know what your experience was like.

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July 24, 2023 | 5 Mins Read

Are You Creating Successful Gen Z Field Technicians?

July 24, 2023 | 5 Mins Read

Are You Creating Successful Gen Z Field Technicians?

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By Sarah Nicastro, Creator, Future of Field Service

There is a fair amount of handwringing among employers in just about every industry around what to do about the incoming group of Gen Z employees. These young workers (in their 20s to very early 30s) are generally seen as very technology-savvy, but also very difficult to manage.

To evolve with the times, companies have done everything from adopting new perks, flexible schedules, to creating new programs and processes around diversity, ethics, mental health, and employee engagement. On the other end of the spectrum, some companies have dug in around the “No one wants to work” post-pandemic position that “these kids today” are lazy and want to be coddled by their employers.

You can see some of these viewpoints reflected in a recent survey conducted by ResumeBuilder, which found that three-quarters of managers find it difficult to work with Gen Z. 

There can be a lot of negativity in this kind of coverage, though, which overlooks some key points. First, this type of generational complaining has been going on for a long time (as this Inc. story points out). Second, these sweeping generalizations about workers of a certain age (any age) are not very helpful. And third, in many cases, meeting Gen Z where they are in terms of workplace expectations makes the work environment better for everybody, while also helping field service organizations recruit and retain young technicians.

But what are some of the reasons that managers think Gen Z is difficult? According to the ResumeBuilder survey, the top reasons were that they lack technological skills, lack effort, lack motivation, lack productivity, are easily distracted, have poor communication skills, and are easily offended.

This was a cross-industry survey, so the first point (they lack technological skills) is one that field service organizations have already been dealing with, addressed with solutions such as developing technicians via apprenticeships, working with trade schools, on-the-job training programs, etc. 

As far as the other challenges go, though, a big problem seems to be that different generations are speaking different “work languages,” for lack of a better term. Workers in their 20s have entered the workforce during a time of significant disruption and volatility across pretty much every facet of their lives – political, environmental, economic, and social environments included. They have also watched their older family members struggle as work becomes more demanding and ubiquitous thanks to our always-connected culture, while pay has stagnated and the cost of living (particularly housing) has ballooned.

As a result, younger workers are more likely to put up boundaries around their personal lives and time, while also asking for better pay and a company culture that allows them to enjoy (and maintain) their off-hours. While we do have to be cautious of too many generalizations, I think that as a group these younger workers have also not necessarily bought into the type of striving that their predecessors have valued – the idea that putting extra time and energy into your job is going to provide a path to upward mobility. This can come off as a lack of motivation, but it seems to me that it’s really an indication that the old incentives just aren’t working anymore.

Turning Perceived Weaknesses into Company Strengths

The real question we must ask ourselves is, how can we use this information to create successful Gen Z field service technicians? To do so, we need to focus on turning some of these perceived weaknesses into company strengths. Here are a few ideas:

Invest more in employee education. I addressed technical training above, but younger workers often lack interpersonal communication (or soft) skills – they are used to talking to people via text or online. Develop communication skills training (your older workers can probably benefit from a refresher, too) and put it in the proper context. Your goal is to help people (your customers) solve a problem. Gen Z has an abundance of empathy, which is a valuable commodity when it comes to customer service.

Invest in modern technology. If you haven’t upgraded your service management, scheduling, diagnostic, and/or communication tools for a long time, you are going to have trouble with younger workers that view your IT infrastructure as some sort of antique. Having modern tools in place is going to help your business in general, while also making it easier to hire and retain younger technicians.

Be open to new ideas. Younger workers are much more likely to question and criticize existing policies and processes if they don’t make sense. Forward-looking companies will resist being defensive and appreciate the fresh eyes. Some of those old policies/procedures are in place for good reasons, but others may have exceeded their sell-by date. Your younger technicians are more likely to thrive (and help you thrive) if they think their ideas are given serious consideration. 

Examine your company culture. Workplace culture in the U.S. has typically punished people for being human. Taking time off when you are sick, when your kids are sick, or when you need to deal with any type of issue (from an ailing parent to getting your car into the shop) is viewed negatively. For hourly positions, any time off work is time you aren’t earning, and at some companies your use of sick days or other PTO might be held against you when it comes to overtime or promotions. 

Is your company like that? It shouldn’t be. During the pandemic, a lot of employees took a hard look at how their employers treated them and did not like what they saw. Your employees (old and young alike) are human, and they need time to take care of their families and themselves. If your PTO policies are reasonable, your employees will be reasonable in following them. 

Give respect to earn respect. The survey also indicated that managers felt Gen Z was too thin-skinned and easily offended. But this generation is the most diverse we have ever seen entering the workforce, and their perspective on workplace behaviors is probably going to be very different, particularly in industries that have traditionally been more heterogeneous. For field service companies to thrive in the face of a shortage of qualified technicians, organizations are going to need to recruit more technicians from diverse backgrounds. For those employees to stick around, they must feel respected and comfortable.

New Gen Z technicians are offering employers fresh perspective, adaptability, and enthusiasm for problem solving. The things they are asking for in return – a livable wage, work schedules that give them time to have a personal life, and less toxic work environments – are not unreasonable. In fact, the existing employees who haven’t fought so hard for these things will appreciate them, too. 

Do you have experience training this new generation of technicians? What has worked and what hasn't? Please send me your thoughts and experiences. 

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July 17, 2023 | 3 Mins Read

A Toolset Plus Mindset Approach Equals Remote Service Success at RICOH

July 17, 2023 | 3 Mins Read

A Toolset Plus Mindset Approach Equals Remote Service Success at RICOH

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By Sarah Nicastro, Creator, Future of Field Service

The ability to successfully perform remote service can have a big impact on costs, customer satisfaction, workforce optimization, and even sustainability efforts. Incorporating remote service into your service delivery mix, though, requires both new technology and what can seem like a big cultural change within a service organization. 

A few weeks ago, I spoke to Darren Elmore, GM of Service for printer equipment specialist RICOH New Zealand. I had heard Darren speak at the Field Service Palm Springs event in the Spring and was impressed not only by what he shared related to RICOH’s remote service journey, but also what he had to say about some of the ways company’s tend to avoid innovation (which I wrote about here.) I then welcomed Darren onto the podcast for a chat about how RICOH has successfully increased its ability to deliver service remotely.

Darren said he started thinking about a remote first service approach a few years ago, while observing internal IT support operations at RICOH, where the majority of tickets were resolved remotely. At the time, RICOH’s field service operations were resolving around 25% of EM service requests remotely – and he thought they could do better than that.

He knew intuitively that in many cases, technicians would arrive at a customer site and pretty quickly diagnose a problem based on the equipment model and a few troubleshooting questions. “Well, if you're pretty sure you know what it is and it's not something that requires physical adjustment or a part to be replaced, how about talking to the customer and see if we can resolve it over the phone?” he said.

When the COVID pandemic began, the experiment quickly accelerated into a more formalized push for remote service that has paid off tremendously. As of 2022, the company had expanded from 25% remote resolution to 42%, and halfway into 2023 that rate was already sitting at 47%.

I have talked to a lot of service leaders about the incorporation or expansion of remote service, so I know that adopting new technology (which RICOH did) is only part of the story. Companies have a variety of options, some choosing mixed-reality tools like IFS Remote Assistance that allow for a virtual “hands-on” feel and others using more pared down remote access or even video chat solutions. I asked Darren about the balance of new toolsets vs. new mindsets that are required to really make remote service a successful endeavor.

As you might expect, he emphasizes the importance of change management to succeed from the mindset perspective. Before you deploy remote service tools, you have to talk your team through what you are trying to achieve – the “Why?” of what you plan to do. That messaging has to get to the technicians actually doing the work. 

“[T]he mindset has to come before the tool set if you want the buy-in from the teams that are going to be using the tools, otherwise you are just investing in a tool set that metaphorically, it's just going to count the dust and you won't get the take-up that you need,” Darren said.

As a result of expanding its remote-first approach, RICOH has been able to not only save money and improve productivity, but it has also managed to reduce emissions as part of its sustainability initiatives by having fewer truck rolls. Darren also said that remote service has boosted its customer satisfaction scores. “We conduct surveys, post completion of the service request. And in the free text field, we've had some really good comments,” he said. “I remember one not too long ago where we had an end user saying how great it was that they felt they were part of the solution, they were able to actually take part in the resolution. But again, that's us leveraging off the tool set and technology that we're able to do things that five years ago just weren't possible.”

The company’s success thus far can certainly be attributed to its understanding that such a change requires not just the toolset but the mindset as well. And there's more to come. Darren sees a lot of potential in artificial intelligence (AI) and large language models for remote service resolution and customer-led self-service. We covered a lot of ground in the podcast, so be sure to listen to our whole conversation here.

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July 10, 2023 | 4 Mins Read

Can 3D Printing End Parts Obsolescence? 

July 10, 2023 | 4 Mins Read

Can 3D Printing End Parts Obsolescence? 

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By Sarah Nicastro, Creator, Future of Field Service

3D printing is one of those technologies that was perpetually on the cusp of widespread adoption, but never quite got there. In the past few years, though, it does seem to have reached a tipping point. There are auto manufacturers and aerospace companies, for example, that are printing parts for their vehicles, and the technology has taken off in some surprising places (like manufacturing dentures).

But in the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic, when global supply chains were shut down, a lot of people began experimenting with these printers to address a short-term problem – part and product availability. That opened a lot of eyes to a key benefit of 3D printing: flexible, decentralized manufacturing in relatively small quantities. 

Which is why I have been wondering how field service could potentially benefit from on-demand manufacturing, particularly in industries where wait times on spare parts can degrade service performance.

Is there a business case to be made for field service organizations to invest in 3D printers and create their own spare parts? Short-term (and maybe long-term) the answer is probably no. Even in highly specific applications like HVAC service, there are so many different parts made of different materials, it would be impossible to justify the cost of buying multiple printers just to create a few one-off parts. That doesn't mean that 3D printing can’t help field service, though. 

There are examples of companies testing out 3D printing for spare parts applications, but so far they tend to be in industries that rely on in-house mechanics rather than field service engineers – automotive, aerospace, defense, etc. Companies like Airbus and Boeing have reverse engineers and printed parts for older aircraft when parts become obsolete. Porsche also launched a program a few years ago to print custom parts for owners of vintage cars.

In some cases, companies are directly printing the end use part, rather than creating it in a machine shop or trying to find an aftermarket part. In others, they use 3D printing to recreate molds, tools or dyes that would otherwise be extremely expensive to reconstruct. 

It is unlikely we would see field service technicians printing parts at a job site – the equipment is too persnickety and (depending on the material) slow. But it could help augment parts warehouse/depot operations for long-tail or obsolete parts. Right now, if a part is hard to get, service organizations are faced with either a long wait time (to find a part, or get one shipped, in some cases internationally) or to create something in a machine shop for large, expensive industrial use cases. 

3D printing would have an advantage for hard-to-find parts that can be printed – and not every part and material is printable – or for accelerating the creation of new tooling/molds. Instead of waiting weeks, you can cut that time to days or even hours.

The sweet spot seems to be high-value, low-volume parts with long lead times on either shipping or manufacturing, which would generally limit profitable parts printing to heavy industries. 

For example, IMI Critical Engineering, an oil and gas service company, hopes to use 3D printing to help reduce its reliance on stocking expensive, low-utilization spare parts. You can see the benefit here: the parts are very expensive and used in very specific facilities and, although they may not fail often, when they do they need to be replaced very quickly. The company was able to print metal parts that meet industry standards faster than machining them and is evaluating rolling this capability out to multiple facilities. Similarly, Shell Nigeria was able to reverse engineer and print an obsolete seal cover for a mooring buoy at an offshore site, cutting lead time from 16 weeks down to two, and reducing replacement costs by 90%. 

On the other end of the spectrum, UK-based Rowse (an electrical and pneumatics equipment supplier) used 3D printing to create a replacement bracket for its label printers that couldn't be sourced anywhere else. Printing the bracket saved the company the expense of having to buy all new printers.

Most field service organizations do not operate machine shops, though, and probably don't have the engineering expertise on hand to create a part from scratch. There are third-party manufacturing service firms that do have that equipment and expertise, though, and FSOs struggling with increasing spare part sourcing issues might want to start talking to their suppliers about solutions that leverage outsourced 3D printing where it makes sense (mainly for obsolete parts that won't raise any intellectual property concerns or issues with manufacturer agreements).

Even though we may never see 3D printers in the back of technicians’ vans, printed spare parts might be one way that suppliers and manufacturers can help the field service industry address supply chain snags, parts shortages, and reduce long wait times.

Do you have experience with 3D printing spare parts, or other novel ways to solve parts shortage issues? I would love to hear about them.

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July 3, 2023 | 6 Mins Read

Data-Driven DEI: Q&A with Dr. Randal D. Pinkett

July 3, 2023 | 6 Mins Read

Data-Driven DEI: Q&A with Dr. Randal D. Pinkett

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It’s important for companies to create diversity, equity and inclusion (DEI) programs – particularly in industries that have traditionally skewed very white, very male, or both. At the same time, DEI tends to draw a lot of criticism from a number of fronts. Some people think these programs are just a bandaid or corporate whitewashing; others think they aren't necessary at all.

While I’d never agree the effort isn’t necessary, some of these criticisms have points of merit – and it's because, regardless of intent, many DEI initiatives are poorly planned and executed. To gain some insight on an effective way to approach DEI, I interviewed Dr. Randal D. Pinkett, author of Data-Driven DEI. He is the co-founder of BCT Partners, and author or co-author of other diversity and business management books. He is an electrical engineer by training, was the first African American to receive a Rhodes Scholarship at Rutgers and was the winner on Season Four of The Apprentice. 

Your new book is called Data-Driven DEI. What is the significance of data to a DEI effort?

Data represents to DEI what an instrumental panel represents to a plane. Long before there were instrument panels, people were able to fly planes. It was significantly harder without the instrument panel. Instrument panels have made the journey more efficient and effective at every step along the way. Similarly, improving DEI can be achieved without data, but it is significantly harder. Data makes the DEI journey more efficient and effective at every step along the way. 

You say that any effort to mitigate bias and grow inclusivity must begin with people.  What do you mean?

Organizations don’t change. People change. Therefore, any effort to transform organizations with more diverse representation, more equitable practices, and more inclusive cultures, can only be achieved by transforming people. If you don’t change; if I don’t change; if we don’t change, then the status quo remains. That is why the primary audience for Data-Driven DEI is people – anyone seeking greater DEI in their personal and professional life – and the secondary audience is DEI managers, leaders, executives, and champions responsible for the DEI efforts at their organization. The book provides a roadmap and the website (www.datadrivendei.com) provides free tools, templates, metrics, resources, best practices, and case studies to embark upon a personal DEI journey or an organizational DEI journey.

For the skeptics, can you summarize the business and personal benefits of DEI?

The business benefits are myriad and have to do with:

  • Win the competition for talent – Businesses that have a strong commitment to DEI are better positioned to recruit and retain skilled workers in today’s marketplace. 
  • Strengthen customer orientation – When you understand and embrace the diverse dimensions of customers and markets, you are best able to capture them.
  • Increase employee trust, retention, engagement, satisfaction, and performance – There is strong evidence that diverse teams increase employee satisfaction and reduce conflicts between groups, improving collaboration and loyalty. 
  • Improve decision making and fostering innovation – Research shows that while diverse teams take longer to achieve cohesiveness and make decisions, they make better decisions.
  • Enhance the organization’s image – Incorporating a strong DEI agenda will improve your organization’s image to employees as well as customers. 
  • Improve the financial bottom line – Several studies have found that corporations that embrace gender and ethnic diversity on their leadership teams outperform their competition financially.

The list of personal benefits is even longer and includes:

  • Enhance personal growth – Diverse relationships with people from different backgrounds and perspectives positively challenge you to move beyond your comfort zone into your growth zone and become a better person today than yesterday.
  • Expand diversity of thought (cognitive diversity) – DEI enables you to tap into the diverse thinking of others to make better decisions, generate better ideas, improve problem solving, and foster greater innovation. 
  • Improve health and wellness – Research has found that individuals with more diverse relationships had a lower risk of mortality and experienced less cognitive and physical decline.
  • Enrich learning and performance at school and work – Diversity of all kinds is generally associated with positive learning and performance outcomes. 
  • Mitigate biases and negative stereotypes – Exposure to diversity can ameliorate negative stereotypes and biases people may have about people from different backgrounds and perspectives. 
  • Enlarge network of relationships – Workers with more diverse personal relationships are better at building a racially diverse network on the job.
  • Increase range of opportunities – Having a larger and more diverse professional network will lead to higher-performing teams and present a wider spectrum of opportunities.
  • Achieve career success – Research has found that individuals with relationships that are rich with opportunities to connect people that would otherwise be disconnected, receive more positive evaluations, earlier promotions, and higher compensation.
  • Expand civic engagement and positive outcomes for others – Increased exposure to diversity is positively associated with civic engagement.

In Data-Driven DEI, you lay out a five-step approach to creating measurable and impactful DEI initiatives. The first step involves an assessment of your current reality. Why is this such an important step?

The five-step cycle in Data-Driven DEI is comprised of the following steps: (1) DEI Inventory (perform an assessment), (2) DEI Imperatives (establish objectives and goals), (3) DEI Insights (leverage promising and proven practices), (4) DEI Initiatives (determine strategies and measures), and (5) DEI Impact (evaluate results). It is a never-ending cycle. Assessment is the first and most important step because it helps you to establish a baseline for where you are along your personal and/or organizational DEI journey. If you don’t know where you are, you don’t know where you are going. If you don’t know where you’re going, any road will take you there. Ultimately, your DEI strategy will only be as good as your DEI assessment.

How can people and organizations determine if their DEI initiatives have been effective?  

Data-Driven DEI embraces a strategic planning framework, OGSM, which stands for objectives, goals, strategies, and measures. It is a method that guides people and organizations through a DEI strategic planning process:

  • Objectives represent broad and overarching aims such as “To become a more inclusive leader.”
  • Goals are the specific, quantifiable, and qualifiable metrics and key performance indicators (KPIs) for each objective such as “Increase my rating as a ‘bridge builder’ on the Intrinsic Inclusion™ Inventory from ‘growing to ‘mastering’ within the next 12 to 18 months.”
  • Strategies represent the initiatives, activities and actions that will be taken to fulfill the objectives and achieve the goals such as “Establish a book club to read, Intrinsic Inclusion: Rebooting Your Biased Brain by Janet B. Reid, Ph.D., and Vincent R. Brown.”
  • Measures are the specific, quantifiable, and qualifiable measures to gauge progress against each strategy such as “Complete the book within six months and host four book club meetings to facilitate dialogue and deepen learning.”

Goals allow you to know if you have been effective in accomplishing your objectives (i.e., outcomes). Measures allow you to know if you have been effective in completing your strategies (i.e., outputs). Clearly defined objectives, goals, strategies, and measures enable people and organizations to gauge progress, measure results, and demonstrate impact and, above all, engender accountability. 

What’s the biggest misstep you see leaders make in their DEI efforts?

The biggest misstep I see leaders make in their DEI efforts is remaining on silent on DEI issues due to fear. They are afraid of saying the wrong thing or insulting others or being labelled a racist or sexist and the like. My advice to leaders is to find your voice on matters relating to DEI. You must educate yourself and have command of DEI just as you must educate yourself and have command of other disciplines such as finance, marketing, sales, and operations. Take baby steps to slowly find your voice in safe spaces and smaller groups and very soon you will be able to exercise and amplify your voice in more challenging spaces and larger groups. It’s OK to make mistakes as you can recover from them. It’s not OK to remain silent about DEI issues that, if addressed, promote dignity, humanity, and respect for all. This reminds me of the words of the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. who once said, “We will not remember the words of our enemies but the silence of our friends.” A leader should never be a silent friend, but rather, a vocal and active ally.

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June 26, 2023 | 3 Mins Read

What Are The Opportunities for Digital Twins in Field Service?

June 26, 2023 | 3 Mins Read

What Are The Opportunities for Digital Twins in Field Service?

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By Sarah Nicastro, Creator, Future of Field Service

It’s exciting to see more service organizations rolling out remote service initiatives, but a technology that is still in its nascent stages with the potential to have big implications when it comes to service is digital twins. 

A digital twin is a digital representation of a specific physical object that can be updated in real time via data received from its real-world counterpart. For field service veterans, that probably sounds a lot like the Internet of Things (IoT), and that's a pretty good assessment of where things stand in most industries – but digital twins can take that concept a lot farther.

Digital twins link together IoT technology, simulation, modeling, analytics and big data advancements to create full digital versions of real-world things (from consumer electronics and car parts to entire airplanes and even factories). Conceivably, the digital twin can provide a real-time, virtual view of how an asset is operating in its environment as a 3D model. What's more, that model can be manipulated in a virtual environment, which is where things can get pretty interesting from a service perspective.

Scenarios Where Digital Doppelgangers Prove Useful

For predictive maintenance, digital twins can provide accurate data about actual usage which can make it easier to manage scheduled maintenance and repairs before failures happen. Companies are already doing this with sensors and direct connections to customer equipment but serialized digital twins can give you a more granular view of these assets.

For manufacturers and third-party service organizations, digital twins can open up the possibility of offering better lifecycle support contracts. And because digital twins are asset specific, service organizations can do a better job of scheduling service based on actual utilization. Digital twins can also provide a much better understanding of how equipment is functioning over time, and that data can be fed into product lifecycle management or asset performance management applications to create better recommendations around not just service, but installation and even design.

There are already major software vendors linking together CAD, service, and enterprise data management applications to help close that design-service loop so that design engineers can improve next-gen products based on feedback from field technicians. 

Because digital twins are a full-scale virtual model of an asset, they can possibly create some new applications that can make service easier and more effective, too. Using simulation tools, you could perform virtual repairs and see, with fairly high accuracy, what effect they may have on the actual equipment. Even with a technician on site, a more experienced engineer can view what's happening in the digital twin as the on-site tech performs tests and repairs and offer remote guidance or feedback.

All these potential service applications for digital twins are even more valuable for remote assets – offshore oil and gas equipment, mining equipment, cell towers, etc. From a diagnostic and even repair standpoint, being able to have this real-time view into specific pieces of equipment can save multiple truck rolls. In some industries, those truck rolls cost thousands of dollars each, so the savings can be significant. 

While a lot of this is still future state, it’s interesting to see the potential that exists. A lot of legacy equipment may never have enough sensors or connectivity to work under this model, but a lot of new products do. BMW even leveraged some technology from NVIDIA to build a full virtual model of an entire factory – before it even broke ground. They did so to iron out any potential kinks before construction, but the same model can be tied to the actual factory once it's built for maintenance and monitoring purposes. 

While digital twin deployment is still relatively low the continued shift toward more digital, more connected service models give these virtual representations of actual machines an increasingly important role to play. If you have thoughts (or experiences!) about digital twins and service/maintenance applications, feel free to send them my way.

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June 19, 2023 | 5 Mins Read

What Lies Between Workplace Inclusion Intent and Impact?

June 19, 2023 | 5 Mins Read

What Lies Between Workplace Inclusion Intent and Impact?

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By Sarah Nicastro, Creator, Future of Field Service

Companies today are focusing more heavily on Diversity, Equity and Inclusion (DEI) initiatives for a variety of reasons, some perhaps more virtuous than others.  Motivators can include repercussions of not being seen as a diverse employer, a tactic to try and combat the labor shortages, but the best motivator is the understanding that DEI truly matters. These companies embrace DEI not because they feel they “have to,” but because they recognize that a more diverse and inclusive organization leads to more creativity, innovation, and better results. 

While DEI is often mentioned as an acronym, the three components require quite distinct focus and effort to achieve. Perhaps the hardest of the three is inclusion, because it is in many ways more ambiguous than diversity (which you can set targets for) or equity (which can be assessed). Inclusion is very tied to company culture and leadership, leaving plenty of room for bias and even toxicity to creep in and exist in a manner than can be very challenging to pinpoint, address, and rectify. 

This challenge is exacerbated by the fact that many leaders and organizations would prefer not to dive into some of the realities that can cause a hard look in the mirror. So, I was excited to hear of the book Mita Mallick is writing, Reimagine Inclusion: Debunking 13 Myths to Transform Your Workplace. Mita was first a guest on the Future of Field Service podcast in episode 68 and I’ve been a fan of her work ever since. 

Mita is the Chief Diversity Officer at Carta, co-host of the podcast Brown Table Talk, and a top LinkedIn Voice. She is passionate about DEI work and related topics and outspoken on social media about things many remain quiet on. In fact, her mission in writing this book is to “say all the quiet parts out loud of what holds us back from making meaningful progress in inclusivity work."

On last week’s podcast, Mita came to give a sneak peek into some of the myths covered in her upcoming book – a conversation I believe is important for everyone to listen to and reflect on. No matter what industry your company is in, what role you have in the organization, or where you are today with your efforts around inclusion, doing better is going to be imperative when it comes to not only attracting and retaining top talent but also for achieving the diversity of thought that is essential for innovation. 

Here's a partial synopsis of the myths Mita and I discussed on last week’s episode:

  • I'm all for diverse talent as long as they're good. “That myth really goes to how we have different standards for different people. A lot of companies have systems and processes in place to help with creating inclusive and equitable cultures. And yet, at the end of the day, it's all about the leader. It's all about Mita and how she shows up to work. And if I can't interrupt my bias, it's going to be a different result that actually might go against the system or the process,” she explains. “And so, when we say things like, ‘I'm all for diverse talent, as long as they're good,’ would we ever say, ‘I'm all for non-diverse talent as long as they're good? These are the things we have to ask ourselves. And then, as a result of questioning it, what I say next and what I do next will be different because I interrogated it.”
  • We protect the A-holes because our businesses wouldn't run without them. “A lot of companies, especially big public companies, private companies, have systems and processes in place. But we make exceptions,” Mita says. “You have a toxic leader on your team. How many people need to leave? How much hurt or harm does this person have to cause for you to say, ‘I'm walking away.’ How much is your personal relationship more important to you than the impact on the company? Are you really listening to all the feedback? Are you going to protect this one person versus protecting the company? Because here's the thing: We always set up in our mind, it's the employee versus the company. Employees are the company. They're one and the same. The company doesn't exist with those employees.”
  • We need more people of color in leadership. Let's launch a mentorship program. “I have been over-mentored and under-sponsored in my career. I have had so many amazing mentors. But here's the thing: Mentors are not the same as sponsors,” cautions Mita. “When you think about a mentor, they could give me career advice. Sponsors are typically going to be someone who's two levels above you in an organization. They have access to big budget, P&L, they're in the room when the doors are closed and people are talking about your career. They have access to the C-suite. They might be in the C-suite. They know about roles that are coming up that haven't been listed, special projects, assignments. Sponsorship is people with power and privilege in the organization taking an interest in other individuals and actively saying they're going to help them advance their career.”
  • Of course, we support women. We just extended maternity leave. “This is the notion that all women want to become mothers, and it actually ties back to a lot of the cultural stereotypes, the gender norms we grew up with in our homes. This idea that we extended maternity leave is enough for mothers that we check the box,” says Mita. “Also, in this myth, I talk about gendered ageism. Women are never the right age. We're too young or we're too old. It's like that one year where we had the perfect moment, right? But gendered ageism shows up at the workplace a lot.”
  • These DEI efforts don't benefit me. My voice as a white man doesn't count anymore. “The white men that I've worked with in my life, many of them do express that they have at some point feel shamed, named, blamed, demonized,” explains Mita. “So, in my role as the Chief Diversity Officer, if white men come to me asking questions, I have the space to answer those questions with grace and kindness, and to help educate and teach. And at the same time, white men listening need to understand that they do have a place in this work, because the world of work for everyone can't change without them. There’s a very, very long action list of things that men can be doing to show up. Interrupting bias in the moment, taking parental leave, if you're on a panel and it's all white men, give up your spot, make recommendations. Are you paying your teams fairly and equitably? There are so many ways.”

The full conversation is well worth a listen, and you can pre-order Mita’s book now on Amazon. 

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June 12, 2023 | 6 Mins Read

Q&A: How Field Service Leaders Can Encourage Safety Culture

June 12, 2023 | 6 Mins Read

Q&A: How Field Service Leaders Can Encourage Safety Culture

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By Sarah Nicastro, Creator, Future of Field Service 

Field service technicians face a lot of unknowns when they report to work, as well as a lot of risks. Depending on which industry they work in, they may be repairing equipment in a cushy office or noisy factory; they could be working in a dangerous neighborhood, or in a house with an angry dog. Some technicians work in mines or climb tall towers or work to repair heavy, dangerous equipment. 

And in addition to their own safety protocols, service technicians often must also follow safety protocols of their customers – which sometimes aren’t in harmony. Different service scenarios bring different safety needs, but no matter the working conditions safety is always critical. 

According to Ken Chapman (an industrial psychologist and consultant) and Tony Orlowski (an engineer and executive at McWane, Inc.), authors of the book Safety Beyond the Numbers: A Path to Principled Leadership, workers are probably safer than they have been at any time in the past century, but additional improvements have been hard to come by. In their book, they note that workplace safety statistics have plateaued over the past few decades. 

To make the workplace even safer, they say that companies need to embrace a culture of safety, rather than just focusing on compliance. That sounds a lot like many of the conversations we have had here at Future of Field Service around technology adoption and digital transformation, so I was pleased to have a chat with Tony, looking at some of the concepts in the book, from a field service lens.

In the book, you note that workplace safety statistics have plateaued over the last couple of decades. Can you put that into some historical context? How safe are we now compared to prior decades? Is the U.S. more or less safe than other similar countries? 

Tony Orlowski: Workplace injury reduction has come a long way. In the 1920s and ‘30s, workplace fatalities occurred at an annual rate of approximately 15 per 100,000 population. By 1970, that rate was about cut in half, and by the 1990s it was cut by half again. Then, it essentially plateaued. The fatality rate has remained largely the same for 30 years while total injury rates have continued to decline. This tells us two things: We have not gotten to a point of diminishing returns where further improvement is impossible and, we are not effectively dealing with the issues that have the most impact on human lives. Technology is and has been responsible for most improvements in workplace safety over time, but its benefits now appear to be butting up against and limited by the human element of safety. That is where Safety Beyond the Numbers can help. 

In field service, we have talked a lot about how compliance/punishment-focused approaches to new programs or new technologies are ineffective; you really want manager and employee buy-in. What are some ways that an ownership culture can impact workplace safety? 

Tony Orlowski: We think referencing the work of Nobel Prize-winning economist Milton Friedman is a helpful way to understand the benefits of an ownership culture. Friedman once qualified the effectiveness of spending money in terms of whose money it was, and on whom it was spent. There are four specific ways, but only two apply here. One way is to spend your money on someone else, such as when you buy a gift for a friend on their birthday. In that case, you will be very careful about the amount you spend, but much less concerned about the quality of the gift you give (It is, after all, the thought that counts!) Another way is to spend your money on yourself. You will still be careful about how much you spend, but you will be much more concerned about getting exactly what you want. Compliance matches the first example. We are asking other people to expend their efforts for the results we want. As a consequence, their effort is always measured, and the results rarely better than “good enough.” Ownership, in contrast, allows you to spend your efforts on you, and on what you want, and we think the logical effect of that on the quality of safety outcomes is self-evident.

Leadership is key in safety (and other) initiatives, in order to get team members to take ownership of the process. But how do leaders themselves get there? In other words, for leaders that have not yet really taken safety as a moral imperative, rather than an issue of compliance, are there good ways for organizations to get their leadership team on the same page on this issue? Managers in some companies tend to view things through a prism of compliance, KPI measurement, box checking – but what you are proposing sounds like it requires a different viewpoint. 

Tony Orlowski: It certainly does require a different viewpoint, and you are correct in that it is absolutely necessary for management to “get there” to be successful. Leaders must begin by understanding and embracing the moral imperative. This means choosing not to view business as primarily a profit-making enterprise, but as an economic engine for the common good. That is to say, if a business is perceived by society as not providing it value, then society (the market) will not support it. Therefore, the business will ultimately fail. 

Profit remains essential and vital, but rather than being the goal, it is the result, and the “profit” is a measure of the good that is done by the business. From this viewpoint, a business is a moral institution. So, there is no logical argument for harming employees in the process of “doing good.” The validity of this logic lies in the difficulty of arguing the opposite; that the best path to business success is taking advantage of customers (net-negative societal value) and exploiting employees. Few business owners would say they believe in that logic, but the problem is they are not always sure they don’t believe in it. And when they aren’t sure, their leaders (managers and supervisors) are not sure, either. When ownership is ambivalent about the purpose of the business, their leaders’ default to what they are sure about: Profit, compliance to the law and following written rules. But when ownership is committed to a moral view of their business, then leaders and the rest of the team recognize it immediately. They get on board very quickly. It’s really as easy (and difficult) as that.

What are some key strategies organizations can take to improve safety, leveraging the idea that the human factor is a key area that many have not successfully addressed in the past? What are some successful ways that leaders have been able to achieve that type of organizational buy-in? 

Tony Orlowski: If we are to break it down into a few statements, we would say: Treat people with respect; tell them, and yourself, the truth; be responsible for yourself and responsible to others. These are simple statements, but with profound implications for the business. If you think about them, you will discover many of these implications. Reading Safety Beyond the Numbers will give you even more to consider.

Field service is also somewhat unique in that technicians are usually working in an environment owned/operated by someone other than their own employers/leaders. How would you recommend that technicians take that culture of safety with them into environments owned by other people? 

Tony Orlowski: An organization should never be willing to trade another person’s safety for profit, convenience or approval. That includes at another organization’s worksite. A business should make that clear to all employees, and to the clients they work with. In addition to communicating that expectation internally and externally, training, communication and preparation also help to avoid landing in an uncomfortable and potentially unsafe situation. But there will still be times when a person reaches a site and is unexpectedly thrust into an urgent and unsafe assignment. In that case, you must have developed a culture where it is safe for them to say, “I’m sorry I can’t do what you are asking. It’s unsafe, and I know you would not ask me to risk my safety in doing it. My company would not allow it either. Let’s see what we can change so I can be of help to you.” Any business lost by those statements are customers you almost certainly do not want.

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